Concluding Chapter

           At the start of this class I believed photojournalism was the practice of communicating news through photos, but throughout the course I’ve learned that it is much more than just that. I believe yes it does do that, but I also believe it is the practice of informing the world about not only news but whatever the photojournalists is interested in. I thought it was mostly focused on wars and issues around that, but I learned that photojournalism covers a variety of areas. I stick by my reason on why I believe it is important to know the history of photojournalism. I stick by it because I believe it is extremely important for people to understand its history and how much photojournalist have gone through to get stories out there to the world, so people can see what is truly going on around the world. I had many “Ah-ha” moments throughout this course because I feel that I learned so much. Learning about the past techniques of photographing was amazing to understand what photographers had to go through. It was also amazing to learn about so many different photojournalists and how courageous many of them are. I learned that photojournalists are so passionate that they put their lives on the line to give their audience a story.

I still believe photographs change the world. I still believe this because if it were not for the world being able to see images about various subjects there would never be changes in the world. I have seen so many images this semester that helped back up my belief, I truly believe especially images help create a feeling that make people want to change the world. Just to talk about a few examples there was the picture of starving children that really touched me and I believe that have also touched so many people in the world. I believe images like this help to create change in the world because anyone with a heart looking at an image like this will feel so sad and want to help. Looking at an image like that makes people want to do what they can to help these children to get food and we ca understand this through many organizations that donate food to these starving children. A second photo I believe backs up my belief about images changing the world is the image from the 9/11 attack in New York. The image showed just what people were going through covered all in debris, but still helping each other. I am a firm believer that if it were not for images like these New York would never have gotten as much help as they did. These images really helped to back up my belief that images change the world and are good examples of how they do.

Photo by Salman Mohammed

Image Source: https://dollarparadox.quora.com/CAPITALISM-Neo-Fascism

Photo by Tina Moore

Image Source: http://the40by40.com/2012/09/911/9-11-people-helping-people/

            By viewing my classmates’ photojournalist profile, I learned about so many new photojournalists. It was really amazing how many photojournalists I was able to learn about and I am glad I took this course because it really helped me to think not only about photojournalism but really about history itself. From my classmate, Luke Allen, I learned that Andrew Burton uses shallow depth of field in combination with black and white to create a feeling of contrast that by nature isolates the subject in his photos. If you look at the photos he incorporated of Andrew Burton’s, you can really see what he means by this and the images are truly incredible and really put emphasis on his subjects. From Sirjana Lamichhane, who focused on Lynsey Addario, I learned how much of a strong woman photojournalist she is and how she lives by her ethics and beliefs. She explained that Addario was able to give a dead soldiers father details he craved about his son’s death, I think this was amazing of her to personally talk to the soldier’s father and help him get closure through his time of grief. Lastly, through Kelly Reilly, who spoke about Ruth Orkin, I learned how much of an honest woman she is. I loved how she explained that Orkin always did her best to be honest with her images and how she took images of what she thought was beautiful. I think it is great that she does that and I can only hope that all photojournalists have this same passion as her.

Photo by Andrew Burton

Image Source: http://www.huckmagazine.com/art-and-culture/photography-2/photography-margins-wins/

Photo by Lynsey Addario

Image Source: http://www.lynseyaddario.com/war-and-revolution-in-the-middle-east/syrias-refugees/ADDARIOSYRIANREFS003

Photo by Ruth Orkin

Image Source: http://www.today.com/id/44182286/ns/today-today_news/t/subject-american-girl-italy-photo-speaks-out/

            For my creative experiential exercise, I decided to base it on wrestling. My father is a wrestling coach and used this exercise to capture images of his wrestlers in action. I took these images on my phone, which is a Samsung Galaxy S6, as you can tell the quality isn’t the best. I used different features on my phones camera to try to create different effects of the images and I also tried to use different angles to take the photos. For filter I used no effect for some but I also used vintage and vignette. The vintage was my favorite because I felt like it really created a nice mood and effect to the photos, but I also liked vignette because it helped to put the focus on the wrestlers. I also used the grid lines feature on my camera so it could help me to either center the subjects or put them off to the side. I really took this exercise and did my best to think like a photojournalist and I really enjoyed it.

Photo by Ashley Alvarado

Photo by Ashley Alvarado

Photo by Ashley Alvarado

Photo by Ashley Alvarado

Photojournalist Profile

Interviewer- Ashley Alvarado

Interviewee- Tim Hetherington

Ashley- Hi how are you doing today? Can you tell me a little about your history into photojournalism?

Tim- I am doing great today thank you. Well as a child I was a curious kid always trying to find new experiences, so I think that is why my love for photojournalism is so strong. But I actually first graduated from Oxford in 1992 with a degree in classics and English, quite different from photojournalism, right? After graduating I went to India for two years and I had an experience that I could never even explain, it was great. Now when I first realized I wanted to change my career to photojournalism, was when I went with a friend to watch a film, that film expressed everything that I felt inside that I couldn’t express in words, and from that moment on I knew a change was going to be made. So, I went to Cardiff University and graduated in 1997 with a degree in photojournalism. Immediately after graduating I began work.

Ashley- Wow what an experience. Now you said you began working right after graduating can you tell me a little about the places you’ve worked?

Tim- So after I graduated I actually got a job from the school’s bulletin board for a paper called the Big Issue, which was sold by homeless people. I also worked for the Independent Newspaper. Then I decided I wanted to branch out into some international coverage, I was just always so committed to showing my audience what fascinated me. So, my first assignment was in 1999, where I worked for Vanity Fair, in West Africa. I ended up spending eight years there exploring consequences of conflict and documenting it. Vanity Fair were also the ones who partnered me up with Sebastian Junger. My interest in trying to understand the causes of violence brought me all around the world. My next big assignment was in Afghanistan, for one year studying the American wars and later I went to Libya (unfortunately this was where Tim was killed on April 20^th, 2011).

Ashley- So you’ve had your fair share of traveling I see. Can you tell me a little about the era you work in and the technology you use to photograph and document?

Tim- As I said I graduated with my degree in photojournalism in 1997, so I have a little more of an advantage and more choices than past photojournalists. I work in a time that there’s been so much conflict, which gives me a ton of stories to cover. I began covering war in medium format, black and white was a cliché view of Africa, so I decided to change to color. I was trying to work in metaphors with color and medium format was the best way to do that. Even though it was a little complicated I took the challenge to give my audience a better image. For still images I shot with the 5D, but I usually shot with 28-70, sometimes a 135 prime. For documenting I shot on a Sony Z1.

Ashley- What motivates you as a photojournalist?

Tim- If I start saying that it came out of desire to change the world, that’s very suspect. My motivation comes from a place of personal curiosity. I just love creative freedom I don’t like that sense of authority, it’s fun. My journey with photojournalism is a journey about my own identity. My examinations of young men and violence was also me trying to understand my own fascination with violence. I use my work to build bridges between me and my audience. Simply witnessing events is never good enough for me, I need to experience the lives of my subjects, it makes my work more powerful.

Ashley- I like how you created your work based on your own fascinations, I’m sure that inspires so many people. Have you ever encountered any ethical dilemmas during your career? Also, do you have any biases when photographing or documenting?

Tim- I always have to ask myself what I need to shoot or film or even edit images in a way that stays true to my subjects. My assignments with Sebastian and the fact that we kept going back for more gave us so much credibility. This allowed us to give our audience exactly what they wanted by staying true to them. I always try my best to remain unbiased because I never want my audience or subjects to think I am trying to deceive them or portray them in a certain way. I never wanted to be a stereotyped photographer” and I think that is what makes my work so different. 

Photo by Tim Hetherington

Image Source: http://www.nesta.org.uk/tim-hetherington

The first principle I am using to describe this image is “rule of thirds.” Hetherington avoided placing the subjects in the middle of the image and if the photograph were to be divided into thirds, they would be placed on the outer right third. I believe he did this to put emphasis on the ships in the background, so we could see what these young boys were playing around. This brings me to the next principle, “background compliments or detracts from composition.” The ships in the background help to complete the picture, as I said so we can see these war ships in the background of what these boys are using as a playground. The last principle is “is the image black & white or color.” This image was taken in a time where the color of the image was the choice of the photographer, I believe he chose black and white because it emphasizes the condition of these boys during that time.

Photo by Tim Hetherington

Image Source: http://www.famousphotographers.net/tim-hetherington

The first principle I chose is “quality of light.” The lighting of the image is directly on this exhausted soldier, I believe this helped to really show how tired this soldier really is. Next, I’m going to use is, “contrast appropriate.” The contrast of this image is high, there are very bright and dark areas as I said I believe this was done to show that this image was focused on the soldier. The last principle used it, “obvious main subject, about 1/3 to 2/3 of image area.” Seeing as he is the only one in this image and he covers most of the image the main subject is obvious.

Photo by Tim Hetherington

Image Source: http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21041645

The first principle I chose is, “in or out of focus.” The image is sharp, I believe this connects to the overall feeling of such a young boy with a riffle in his hand, it’s unfair. Next is, “depth of field,” the area of focus is right on the young boy. This helps to direct the viewers’ attention solely on him. Lastly, is “texture,” the texture of this image is quite rough. I believe this helps to create the feeling of the rough like this young boy is living.

Photo by Tim Hetherington

Image Source: http://abcnews.go.com/topics/news/liberia.htm?mediatype=Image

The first principle I chose is “subject’s expression.” The subject doesn’t look relaxed, he looks very tense ready to shoot his riffle. His body language does fit his serious face. The next principle is, “keep it simple,” this image is very simple. The background is mostly blurred out and you can only see one guy in the background, which helps us to focus on the seriousness of the young boy. Lastly is, “what feelings does the image create,” this image makes me sad as mother to a young boy myself. I could never imagine my son being this young fighting in war, so to me this photo is very upsetting.

Impact & Viewpoints

            Unfortunately, Tim Hetherington’s life was cut short and “he died at the age of forty, whilein Liberia, on April 20, 2011.” Due to his life being cut short he never really lived to see the impact of many of his images. He was a very brave and courageous man who used his images and traveling as a journey of self-discovery. His partner Sebastian Junger said, “Tim was one of the most courageous andprincipled journalists I have ever known. The good that he accomplished—bothwith his camera, and simply as a concerned person in some of the mostdevastated countries in the world—cannot be measured.” This explanation of him just explains how good of a man Hetherington was and how highly people thought of him.

Your Major at AIC

            I am a nursing student. As you would look at nursing and photojournalism you would think they are total opposite careers, but if you think about it there are a lot of the same morals and beliefs. Hetherington who didn’t just photograph people he truly respected his subjects and their life. That is just as in nursing we must respect our patients no matter what kind of background they come from. He also worked to show people there needs to be change in the world, as nurses work to educate our patients on the importance of making change in their health to create a healthier world.

In Memory of Tim Hetherington

Image Source: http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21041645

http://www.cnn.com/2011/US/04/21/bergen.on.hetherington/

https://alchetron.com/Tim-Hetherington-1011630-W

http://lens.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/04/11/tim-hetherington-in-film-and-indelible/

http://lens.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/04/20/parting-glance-tim-hetherington/

Photojournalists and Motivations

Photo by Unknown

Image Source: https://alchetron.com/Stacy-Pearsall-319501-W

Photo by Stacy Pearsall

Image Source: http://stacypearsall.photoshelter.com/image/I00004WlwQfGMJNQ

So many photojournalist have done amazing things and have truly made changes in the world. What’s so amazing about them is that everyone has their own motivation that motivated them to create a change in the world. One photojournalist that Professor Nordell spoke about in module twelve was Stacy Pearsall. She really stuck out to me out of everyone because of her amazing story. She was a combat photographer and while on the job one time they were ambushed and she was seriously injured. Unfortunately, due to the seriousness of her injury she was no longer able to take images of the war, what inspired me so much about her is that she did not let that stop her from doing what she loved, photographing. While sitting at the hospital for so long and after so many appointments she explained that she got to know so many veterans and thought “well maybe I can bring my camera andstart taking portraits of them…I thought if I can’t be a combat photographerthen maybe I can at least share their stories because they are soextraordinary.” There veterans were her motivation when she was told she could no longer be a combat photographer. My favorite thing she said was, “neverfocus on the things that people tell you you can’t do, but rather the ones youstill can accomplish.” I truly love the way she worded this because even when there’s a bump in the road there is always another way to help you accomplish your goals. 

Photo by Devin Dwyer

Image Source: http://abcnews.go.com/International/restrepo-director-tim-hetherington-chris-hondros-killed-libya/story?id=13418813

Photo by Tim Hetherington

Image Source: https://pro.magnumphotos.com/C.aspx?VP3=CMS3&VF=MAGO31_10_VForm&ERID=24KL53IWY0

Tim Hetherington was a British photographer who was one of the brightest photojournalists of this generation. We all know that many photojournalists put their lives on the line to take their images, well Hetherington was one of those that unfortunately lost his life while working in Libya. That alone shows the true dedication this man had to photojournalism and trying to get such great stories out. His mission was, “to create a betterunderstanding of the world.” This is exactly what this passionate photojournalist strived to do to open people’s eyes and let them see what is truly going on in this world. In one article, he stated, “I want to connect with real people, todocument them in real circumstances, where there aren’t any neat solutions.” I really loved this because his point was not editing anything but really showing the public the truth, and this is all we can ask for from our photojournalists the truth. This in a way reminds me of Gilles Peress when he said,” I don’t care somuch anymore about ‘good photography’; I am gathering evidence for history.” I feel like Hetherington may have cared about his images, but I believe his overall goal was to make a change in the world, to help change history.

Photo by Unknown

Image Source: http://www.cnn.com/2016/05/26/world/intv-amanpour-don-mccullin-frontline/

Don McCullin is a British photographer who has devoted is career in photojournalism to war. When he first started out photographing he admitted, “Iwanted to take good pictures to show the other photographers… and theprofessional pride of convincing an editor that I was the man to go somewhere,were the most important things to me.” As we can see when he first started off he didn’t have much of good motivations in taking his photographs, besides looking good to everyone else. However, as his years went on his motivations greatly changed. He said, “I should have been making people think the images Iwas making were of things that should be unacceptable in our world. It came tome in a schoolroom being used as a hospital, and I saw 800 childrenliterally dropping down dead in front of me.” It was then that his motivations changed and he knew he had to use his photographs so people could see the ugly of war and that such things that were going on needed to end. Just as what happened with all those children were what inspired him it reminded me of Lewis Hine, who wanted to reform the treatments of children and child labor.

Photo by Ashley Alvarado

Photojournalism and Bias

Photo by Ed Clark

Image Source: http://www.thegreatleapsideways.com/?p=209

Everyone in this world has different views and perspectives, no two people would ever view an image the same though it may be similar never the exact same. We all look at images differently and we all get differently feelings and emotions from them. In this image, particularly I see the main subject, navy shipman Graham Jackson, playing the accordion with some deep emotions going through him. In the background, I see women and men both dealing with some strong emotions themselves. Everyone seems to be in mourning. They are all mourning the death of president Franklin D. Roosevelt. What I like about this image is how close it is because as Shahidul Alam stated, “you cannot tell the stories about people from a distance.” The closer and more personal the story the more impact it has as I get from this image. I can understand why these individuals are in such despair because he was one of the greatest presidents and did so many amazing things for his country. Though I have not experienced the death of a great president in my lifetime, we are now going through a great change with the new president that was elected, Donald Trump, which has everyone questioning so many things and has some people very upset.

In or out of focus

            This image is in clear focus of the main subject, while the background is slightly out of focus. I liked the way the photographer did this because though the background is out of focus it still shows the raw emotion of sadness that they feel, just like the main subject. I think this really helped to emphasize how sad these citizens were from losing such a great president.

Subject’s expression

            The subject’s expression of this face is clearly sad. His body image looks tense and it definitely reflects how he feels. The subject is also blinking so we can tell he was not posing for this image.

Is the image in black & white or color?

            This image is in black and white. It’s in black and white because at this time the photographer didn’t have a choice. I believe it being this color made the image much more powerful. 

Photo by Joshua Lim

Image Source: http://www.nbcnews.com/slideshow/vigils-across-country-remember-victims-pulse-massacre-n590776

This picture is an example of an image that speaks the truth to me. Just by looking at this image I can tell it was not a staged image it was the pure truth of what these people were going through at the time of the Orlando Nightclub Massacre. The truth of an image is one that has not been staged or manipulated in any kind of way and I believe this picture represents just that. This image shows how deeply saddened and hurt these people were at a vigil for the many people who lost their lives during the massacre. Just looking at this man's expression as he hugs this woman we can see the raw emotion and hurt in his face, this to me is as true as it can get, they weren't paying attention to the photographer they were merely having a strong moment. In the article, The Rules of Photojournalism are Keeping us from the Truth, it says, “Thesedays, the most in-demand news photo is that of happenstance — typically dodged,burned, cropped, dramatized and with “extraneous” details within the frameexcised.” With all of the editing going on these days I believe this statement is true, but as we can see from this image no editing needs to be done to get that in demand photo, because this unedited photo is so strong and truly shows us what these people were going through. Based on the four ways of knowing article, I would choose sense perception. I would choose that because just by looking at the image you can just see and become aware of the sadness these individuals were feeling. If you are someone like me and sometimes need a break from the sadness you can go to “Good News Network” to see good news and some amazing stories.

Rule of thirds

            The photographer did place the subject in the middle of the image. If this image were broken down inti thirds, the subject wouldn’t be in any of the outer thirds. I believe the photographer did this to really show the emphasis on the main subject without many distractions in the backgrounds.

Keep it simple

            This image is very simple. You can see a couple people in the background but that’s about it. I think the less cluttered the more attention it gives to the seriousness of the image.

Depth of field

            The right amount of area is definitely in focus. If you look at the image close you can tell the focus is on the two people hug and the background is slightly blurred. This helps to direct the viewers attention right to the two hugging.

Photo by Iranian Revolutionary Guard

Image Source: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2016/02/05/the-most-famous-photoshopped-images-of-all-time/photoshopped-image-of-iran-missile-launch-the-third-missile-from/

This image to me represents something that is not the truth. It has come out that this photo was photoshopped as the right middle missile did not launch. Instead of publishing the true image of the missile not launching, they decided to photoshop the image to make it look as if they all launched, and as if they were successful. Some photojournalists edit their images to get more attention to their stories and images, which is why I believe they edited this photo. But it is not fair to the public, it is not fair to show false images. In the article about Betty Lane it says, “words strive to appeal to the logical portions of our minds. But the images captured by photojournalists often take hold of our hearts and reach us on a more primal emotional level.” I love how they worded this because images get people on a much more emotional level which is why photojournalists should never falsify an image to the public, the public wants the truth. However, everyone’s truth is different and as Professor Nordell said, “it depends on the lens choice, the angle, and what perspectiveyou’re really trying to get across with your photograph.” So, ultimately what we, the public, see is always going to be the photographer’s truth.

Texture

            The texture of this image is rough. I believe it helps to create a feeling of the danger of missiles being launched. I also believe it helps it shows the seriousness of them.

What feelings does the image create?

            For me seeing things like this gets me a little nervous. Maybe someone else looking at this would think it’s something interesting to look at, but that is not the case for me. The instant I saw this image it made me think of war, which scares me.

Background compliments or detracts from composition

            There is nothing but dirt in the background, which does not compete for attention in the photo. Having nothing else in the background really helps the viewer to solely focus on the missiles. Also, all the dirt blowing around helps distract the viewers from knowing the image was edited.

The Ethics of Photojournalism

Back when photojournalism first began you never really seen photo manipulation, but unfortunately it has become easier and easier for photojournalists to manipulate their images. Unfortunately some photojournalists tamper with their photos despite the code of ethics there are supposed to follow. The NPPA in the code of ethics states, “Do not manipulate images or add or alter sound in any way that can mislead viewers or misrepresent subjects.” This means that photojournalists by any means should abide by this, but unfortunately there are cases where they do not.

A big example of a photo being manipulated was on June 27, 1994 when Time Magazine altered OJ Simpson’s mugshot. According to one article, “Time Magazine and Newsweek Magazine both published the same image as the cover photo and had it not been for that Time’s Magazine would have probably gotten away with their manipulation of his mugshot.” Time Magazine titled it “An American Tragedy” as Newsweek Magazine simply titled it “Trail of Blood.” “Time darkened the photocreating a five o’clock shadow and a more sinister look,” it was clear they were finding him guilty before the case even ended. This is a clear break of the of the photographer ethics, let alone racial ethics. They were deceiving the public, which damages the magazines credibility. So now when looking at this specific magazine people need to think to themselves, “is this real or are they deceiving me?”

According to my own codes of ethics altering this image the way they did would have definitely violated my code of ethics. In my code of ethics among many things I value honestly, loyalty, and respect. It is clear Time Magazine was being dishonest and unloyal to the public and its viewers who believed in them and believed all of their images were unmanipulated images. It is also clear they had a lack of respect for OJ Simpson himself and they just wanted to portray him as guilty. In my code of ethics I would no longer be able to believe this magazine and I would feel as if I needed to constantly question the honestly of their images.

If I were working for this magazine I would have never risked the code of ethics I am supposed to abide by. Photojournalist are supposed to, “treat all subjects withrespect and dignity.” By doing what they did to OJ Simpson’s mugshot they were not following their code of ethics. This was not a fair thing to and it was very biased in my opinion. I also do see that the photojournalist code of ethics is taken seriously as many have been fired for the manipulation of images, which is why I believe Time Magazine lost much of its credibility.

Photo by Unknown

Image Source: https://nppa.org/news/nppa-ethics-committee-releases-statement-disqualified-world-press-photos

Photo by Time Magazine (left) Newsweek (right)

Image Source: https://ethicsinediting.wordpress.com/2009/04/01/photo-manipulation-through-history-a-timeline/

Photo by Ashley Alvarado

Chapter Four: Women Photojournalists

           It is no surprise to hear that just as in many other occupations, women photojournalists have faced similar hardships. For women, they faced discrimination by men in their profession because they believed it was a male’s occupation and that’s it. What they failed to see was that woman photojournalists have more access to some things than males. For instance, Lyndsey Addario stated,” …I have access to those things because I’m a woman and woman feel comfortable talking about those issues with other woman.” This brings me to talk about photojournalist, Stephanie Sinclair. I believe Sinclair would have agreed with Addario’s statement previously mentioned because, “she was known for gaining unique access to the most sensitive gender and human rights issues around the world.”

            Stephanie Sinclair is a thirty-five-year-old American photojournalist. According to National Geographic, “she is from Brooklyn, New York and graduated from the University of Florida with a B.S. in journalism and an outside concentration in fine art photography.” They also stated, “she went to work for the Chicago Tribune, which sent her to cover the start of the war in Iraq. She moved to Iraq and then to Beirut, Lebanon covering the region for six years as a freelance photographer.” Until this day she still contributes to National Geographic, New York Times Magazine, Time, Newsweek, Stern, GEO, Marie Claire, and plenty more.

            Sinclair has won a countless number of awards as a woman photojournalists, with so much respect. National Geographic stated, “She’s been awarded the Alexia Foundation Professional Grant, UNICEF’s Photo of the Year, and the Lumix Festival for Young Photojournalism Freelens Award for her extensive work on the issue of child marriage.” To name some others she won the CARE International Award for Humanitarian Reportage, Visa D’Or, First place in World Press Photo and FiftyCrows International Fund for Documentary Photography, and Caucasus Grant. Sinclair stated, “as a conflict photographer I was always moved by the stories of the women and girls I met in my travels.” One of her many projects was photographing under aged wives in Ethiopia, Tanzania, South Sudan and many other places. She was a strong woman who believed on women’s rights and tried to get out the horrible stories that young women suffered from.

            Women have suffered from discrimination and have faced hardships in many different workplaces. I know that in the law enforcement work field many females face gender discrimination. A lot of men believe being in law enforcement is a man’s job but that is not the truth women are just as capable as men to work in law enforcement. Just as some females aren’t cut out to work in this field, is the same with some men that may not be cut out for the job either. Everyone is good at their own thing and that’s how it should be not by gender discrimination. 

Photo by Unknown

Image Source: http://alchetron.com/Stephanie-Sinclair-420597-W

Year Created: 2011

Subject’s Expression

            The subject in this image is Stephanie Sinclair herself. Her expression seems extremely happy, as she is doing what she loves most, photographing. Her body language I believe definitely fits her happy expression.

In or out of focus

            The focus of this image is solely on Stephanie Sinclair. If you look at the individuals around her they are a bit blurred out. I believe this was done to show and express the joy and happiness on Sinclair’s face.

Is this image in black and white or color?

            This image is in color. This image was taken recently, so yes, the photographer had a choice if he or she wanted to make the image in black and white or color. I believe they chose color because it just matched her bright and enthusiastic smile.

Why I chose this image?

            I chose this image because I believe it defines the kind of person Stephanie Sinclair really is. If we look at this image it shows how happy she is with that camera in her hand, which in my research she repeatedly said she is with her profession. This image also shows us how she truly fits in wherever her assignment is.

Photo by Stephanie Sinclair

Image Source: http://tooyoungtowed.org/#/explore

Year Created: 2013

Keep it simple

            This image for the most part is simple, there's not much clutter, besides the mountains and rocks in the background. Due to the photo being simple it really emphasizes the expressions on the young girls face. When viewing this photo we can really focus on the sadness of both girls.

Texture

            The texture of this image is very rough and dry. I feel like this shows how this is not a happy moment for the two young girls who are forced into marriage. The texture really emphasizes this unfair life they have to live

What feelings does this image create?

            This image makes me feel sad. It makes me sad to see two innocent young girls have no choice but to get married. Not only do they not have choice, but it’s to such older men, it just shows how unfair it is.

Why I chose this image?

            I chose this image because it is one of Stephanie Sinclair’s biggest projects she’s worked on. I think it really shows what she is trying to get across the harsh reality of these young girls. We can tell no one is happy in this image and a change really needs to be made.

Photo by Todd Heisler

Image Source: http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/us/femalepolice.html

Year Created: 2016

Background compliments or detracts from composition

            The background helps to complete this image. The police cars in the back really helps to show the seriousness of these officers working together. There is no one in the background which also helps to emphasize the two women officers working with the male officer.

Obvious main subject, about ¼ to 2/3 of image area

            The main subject is right in the front of the picture. What I like is that the main subject is not too big in the picture, and with the background I feel like it allows them to stand out more. I feel being like this it is a more powerful image.

Rule of thirds

            The photographer did avoid placing the main subject right in the center of the image. If the image was broken into thirds they would be more on the outer third of the image.

Why I chose this image?

            I chose this image because I feel the entire presence of the photo is powerful. I feel as if it really shows the women and male officers working hard together without any gender discrimination. I believe these are the kind of images that show women can work in law enforcement just as men can.

Technological Timeline

Photojournalistic technologic timeline from Ashley Alvarado

Chapter 4: Working in the Digital Age

There has been an obvious change in the way in which photos are being transmitted from the early days of photography to today's day. To think of how quick things can be done now is amazing. When I first did my research on photogravure I spoke of the great deal of time it took to print just one photo. Photogravure was a beautiful way of printing images, but as the technological advances continued it became much easier than that and much easier to transmit the photos all together.

            The ability to send photos just as they are taken is so fast in today’s world. The ease that the process of wireless transmission has given photojournalists is amazing. In the Dallas News article, they stated, “transmission times were painfully long.” They also stated, “one color photo took a minimum of twenty six minutes to transmit.Sending internationally took twice as long, sometimes up to an hour per photo.” Now could you really imagine waiting that long to transmit just one image? Well they then came up with the Dixel, which transmitted a color photo within two to three minutes. There was just one thing, “it was a travel nightmare, sofragile.” So yes, it was faster but also much more prone to breaking.  Now with wire services photojournalists are able to send photos almost instantly with their cameras and they are also able to use their phone to take images and upload them instantly.

            If you imagine back in the beginning days with no wireless transmission photojournalists needed to carry everything with them. Before they needed to have a full van with their gear, then they needed a strong back to carry everything, and now they simply need their camera connected to a wireless transmission. The work it took to transmit photos before wireless transmissions was incredible and we have to really admire the work of photojournalist in that time. Even thinking of Robert Capa’s photos being destroyed by the lab technician, if those photos were taking today it is highly unlikely that that would have happened. The Magnificent Eleven article stated, “a darkroom technician in haste, dried the film to quickly and theexcess heat melted the emulsion on all but ten of the frames.” Since photojournalist no longer use dark rooms and with the wireless transmitters this would have never happened, in fact we would have seen the images almost instantly today.

            This shift to wireless transmission has been beneficial to photojournalists for sure in making their jobs faster, but is everything about it good? According to Porfessor Nordell, “withtechnology there’s amazing advances, but also there’s similar perils.” I agree with this statement one hundred percent because though technology has helped ease the jobs of photojournalists tremendously it has also put them in dangerous situations. In the Syrian article they speak of photojournalist, Marie Colvin who died when the Syrian government forces attacked the media center she was working from. They stated, “Syria’s government has shownthemselves remarkably uninterested in whether an individual is a journalist ora rebel.” This puts photojournalist in great danger when using these wireless transmitters because it means the government can track them down and kill them as they did with Marie Colvin. So, I end this with is a photojournalists safety worth the easy advances?

Photo by: Tiffany Mueller

Image Source: http://www.diyphotography.net/the-burdensome-wire-transmission-equipment-photojournalists-had-to-carry-in-the-1970s/#more-30374

Photo by RK Goth

Image Source: https://www.dpreview.com/forums/post/55127414

Chapter 3: The Art of Photojournalism

Photo by Alexander Gardner

Image Source: http://civilwartalk.com/threads/richmond-virginia-ruins-of-richmond-petersburg-rr-bridge-from-island-in-james-river-4-1865.91910/

Year Created: 1865

Texture

The texture in the photo is hard and wet. The texture of this image is very evident. Since this image was taking during the times of the civil war I believe the hard texture represents the hard life these poor children and women were living at the time.


Subjects Expression

All of the subject’s expressions in this photo seem to be very serious and somewhat sad. No one is blinking and I believe they knew the photo was being taken. The postures of each subject definitely fits their serious/saddened expressions on their face. They all seem pretty down, most likely because this was during the Civil War.


Is this image black & white or color?

The image is in black and white. Due to the era in which this phot was taken the photographer did not have a choice, whether he wanted black and white or color. the black and white fits this photo very well because of the serious nature of this photo and the time in which it was taken.


Why I chose this image?


I chose this photo because out of all the images I searched the raw emotion of this photo during the time period really touched me. Living during the era of the Civil War was no easy thing and I believe the emotion and quality of this photo truly shows and emphasizes this. There is also not one man in this photo, which I believe shows how strong these women had to be for their children, and I truly admire a strong woman.

Photo by Dorothea Lange

Image Source: http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/dorothea-lange-biography-with-photo-gallery/3097/

Year Created: 1936

Keep it simple

                This picture is simple. What some people fail to realize is that sometimes less is more. The simplicity of this photo allows the message to be clear. This photo was taking of a mother and her three children during the Great Depression. It is clear to tell that the mother is sad and her poor children appear to be just as sad.

Obvious main subject, about 1/3 to 2/3 of image area

                The main subject takes up pretty much the entire image. I believe of the impact of the main subject being so big makes this image that much more powerful and gives people such a strong emotion to feel for this mother and her children. If there was more going around in the background I don’t believe the image would have been so strong and had such a powerful impact.

What feelings does the image create?

                I feel sad. I feel sad to see this poor mother and her children suffering because of the Great Depression. Being a mother myself I couldn’t imagine going through a period like this alone, let alone having to have my poor innocent child go through it with me.

Why I chose this image?

                I chose this photo because as we know living during the Great Depression was very difficult and I believe this photo of a mother and her children truly shows just how hard it really was. This photo doesn’t just focus on the mom and how hard it was for her but it also focuses on the poor children who were also greatly affected. Anyone with a heart would feel for this mother and her children as I do.

Photo by Ammar Awad

Image Source: http://darkroom.baltimoresun.com/2013/04/april-2-photo-brief-north-korea-makes-nuclear-threats-100th-floor-of-the-one-world-trade-center-funeral-for-victims-of-myanmar-mosque-fire/#12

Year Created: 2013

Contrast appropriate

                The contrast in this image is high, meaning there are very bright areas as well as very dark areas. The contrast in this image really helps the image to standout and we can really see the focus. It creates the mood of the seeing the individuals take cover in the middle of the war and seeing the smoke all around them just how scary that must have been.

Background compliments or detracts from composition

                The background of this image really helps to complete the photo. Without the background of this image with the smoke and the fire it wouldn’t be possible to be able to see what the individuals were really taking cover from. The background truly adds meaning to this photo and helps it to standout.

Depth of field

                The right amount of area is definitely in focus. The focus is clearly on the individuals taking cover and it’s just the right amount with the background to stand out.

Why I chose this image?

                I chose this image because it was really quite interesting to me and it just really stood out. The way people taking cover are dark like shadows and the way the background is so bright and clear really intrigued me. The way this photo was taken really emphasizes what was going on in the background and what they were taking cover from.